Chasmatophyllum musculinum dry fruit capsules

These dry Chasmatophyllum musculinum fruit capsules show the value of capsule retention for the wellbeing of the species.

Gradual seed release over time increases the chances of germination during favourable moisture conditions, particularly in the erratic rainfall situations abounding in South Africa. The woody capsule texture and its retention away from the ground serve as seed protection until conditions are favourable. In addition, hygrochasy, the phenomenon of ripe fruit capsules opening when wet and closing when dry, ensures seed dispersal aligning with events of rain, enhancing seedling survival (Frandsen, 2017; Smith, et al, 1998; iNaturalist; https://www.worldfloraonline.org).